Within the field of expertise of Drugs Analysis and Interpretation, a distinction must be made between four types of examinations:
identification and quantification;
trace examination;
production process examination;
comparative examination.
In respect of these four types of examinations, different questions are of relevance in two different stages: the stage of the chemical-physical examination and the interpretation stage. In all types of examination it is important that the expert has the skills to conduct a proper sampling and to analyze samples in a correct manner. Additionally, all types of examination must include an interpretation within the framework of the relevant legislation, i.e. the Dutch Opium Act, the European guidelines referred to in the Misuse of Chemicals Prevention Act and the Dutch Medicines Act. The expert must be aware of his limited knowledge in this respect.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
Identification aims to determine the presence of:
any agents listed in the Dutch Opium Act or the European guidelines referred to in the Misuse of Chemicals Prevention Act;
a substance seen on the drug users market, such as new psychoactive substances and/or a substance that may be covered by the Dutch Medicines Act, such as cutting agents and falsified medicines;
or chemicals used in production processes.
Quantification aims to determine the concentration and/or amount present of the above-mentioned agents.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The following questions are, inter alia, of relevance here:
‘Can drugs or related substances be identified, if so which?’
‘What is the concentration and/or amount of the agent present?’
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
Trace examinations are also intended to determine the presence of agents and substances listed under 1.1.1. These examinations are carried out on trace carriers (anything on which a trace is available or could be present) or specific samples obtained from a suspected trace carrier.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The following questions are, inter alia, of relevance here:
‘Can traces of drugs or related substances be identified?’
‘If so, where are these traces to be demonstrably identified on the trace carrier?’
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
When requested, the probability of the results of the chemical-physical examination is evaluated by the expert within the context of the proposed activity scenarios that could have led to the transfer/movement of traces of drugs.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
A comparative examination is carried out in order to provide an answer to the question whether, and to what degree or at which level, different samples/batches of drugs or drug precursors are from the same origin. In this context the term origin refers to a pre-existing quantity of substance that has been divided into different parts. The possibly corresponding origin is investigated by comparing features like physical characteristics and chemical composition.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The following questions are, inter alia, of relevance here:
‘What are the external features and physical qualities of the material for examination?’
‘What chemical components (e.g. major component, cutting agents, by-products, solvents) are demonstrably identified and in what (relative) concentrations?’
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The following questions are, inter alia, of relevance here:
‘Do the examined samples or any processed materials contain drugs that are from the same origin?’
‘Are the examined samples or any processed materials from the same origin as previously examined materials (database)?’
In this stage the expert comments on the probability of the measured results within the context of the various hypotheses.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The production process examination aims at determining what agent has been produced and in what manner, and which waste material has been created during these processes. The drug related production processes examination is primarily carried out on material which has been secured at a crime scene. By combining the achieved results with information on the circumstances and materials found at the crime scene, comments can be made on possible processes and manufactured agents.
Examples of such processes are:
'Production of synthetic drugs and precursors’
'Extraction/conversion lab of cocaine’
‘Production of cutting agents e.g. in connection with heroin’
‘Cutting, (re)packing or making pharmaceutical forms of drugs (e.g. tablets, powders)’
‘Hash/hash oil production’
‘Cultivation and production of cannabis products’
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The following questions are, inter alia, of relevance here:
‘Can the presence of an agent listed in the Dutch Opium Act or an agent listed in the European guidelines referred to in the Misuse of Chemicals Prevention Act;
or a substance seen on the drug users market, such as new psychoactive substances and/or a substance that may be covered by the Dutch Medicines Act, such as cutting agents and falsified medicines;
or chemicals used in production processes be demonstrated and if so, in what concentration or what quantity?’
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The following questions are, inter alia, of relevance here:
‘Was an agent as referred to under 1.1.4.a manufactured2Manufacturing also includes ‘preparation, treatment and processing’.?’
‘Which production processes have been used or could have been applied?'
‘Which agents (precursors) and equipment for the production of the agent were present at the crime scene?’
'What is the production capacity of the equipment found at the crime scene?'
‘What do the expected proceeds of drugs amount to, according to the equipment and agents found at the scene?’
‘Which production process can be linked to the discarded materials? (in the event of illegal waste dumping)’
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
Drugs examination is concerned with samples that are expected to contain:
agents listed in the Dutch Opium Act and the European guidelines referred to in the Misuse of Chemicals Prevention Act;
a substance seen on the drug users market, such as new psychoactive substances and/or a substance that may be covered by the Dutch Medicines Act, such as cutting agents and falsified medicines;
or chemicals used in production processes that are not of human origin.
Within the field of expertise of Drugs Analysis and Interpretation a distinction must be made between two categories for registration: Drugs Comparison and Drugs Production.
For both categories experts will be able to answer the questions of identification, quantification and trace examination in the chemical-psychical examination stage (see 1.1.1.a, 1.1.2.a).
In addition experts with a registration for Drugs Comparison are involved with answering questions related to comparative examination in the interpretation stage (see 1.1.3.b). Furthermore these experts will be able to answer questions of comparative examination in the chemical-physical examination stage (see 1.1.3.a).
Experts with a registration for Drugs Production are involved with answering questions related to production process examination in the interpretation stage (see 1.1.4.b). Furthermore these experts will be able to answer the questions of production process examination in the chemical-physical examination stage (see 1.1.4.a).
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
Experts in the field of expertise of Drugs Analysis and Interpretation must be aware of the opportunities and limitations of their answers to questions concerning trace examinations in the interpretation stage (1.1.2.b).
Experts must be aware that standard equipment and routine methods will not automatically detect and identify all new and previously unknown substances or detect low dosed substances.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
The register will record the name of the relevant expert as an expert in the field of Drugs Analysis and Interpretation.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
Within the field of expertise Drugs Analysis and Interpretation experts can be registered for:
005.1 Drugs Comparison; and /or
005.2 Drugs Production
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
De datum van inwerkingtreding ligt voor de datum van uitgifte.
Artikel II
Demarcation of Drugs Analysis and Interpretation
Onderdeel van Standards Drugs Analysis and Interpretation (005.00), Drugs Comparison (005.01), Drugs Production (005.02)· Procesrecht
Deze tekst geldt sinds 12 december 2016