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1. There shall be fair and equal opportunity for the designated airlines of both Contracting Parties to compete in operating the agreed services on the specified routes. 2. Each Contracting Party shall allow each designated airline to determine the frequency and capacity of the international air transport it offers. Consistent with this right, neither Contracting Party shall unilaterally limit the volume of traffic, frequency or regularity of service, or the aircraft type or types operated by the designated airlines of the other Contracting Party, except as may be required for customs, technical, operational, or environmental reasons under uniform conditions consistent with Article 15 of the Chicago Convention. 3. Neither Contracting Party shall impose on the other Contracting Party’s designated airlines a first-refusal requirement, uplift ratio, no-objection fee, or any other requirement with respect to capacity, frequency or traffic that would be inconsistent with the purposes of this Agreement. 4. Neither Contracting Party shall require the filing of schedules, programs for non-scheduled flights, or operational plans by airlines of the other Contracting Party for approval, except as may be required on a non-discriminatory basis to enforce the uniform conditions foreseen by paragraph 2 of this Article. If a Contracting Party requires filings for information purposes, it shall minimise the administrative burdens on air transport intermediaries and on designated airlines of the other Contracting Party of such filing requirements and procedures. 5. Neither Contracting Party shall allow its designated airline or airlines, either in conjunction with any other airline or airlines or separately, to abuse market power in a way which has or is likely or intended to have the effect of severely weakening a competitor or excluding a competitor from a route.

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